The Effects Of Alcohol On A Pilot - 2322 Words

CONTENTS Introduction to Pilots’ Health and Flying Safely 1 The Effects of Alcohol on a Pilot 2 Sleep Deprivation, Fatigue and Performance Degradation 4 Dangers of Self-Medication 6 Flying with a Common Cold 9 Conclusions regarding Flying with these Health Issues 12 Bibliography 13 HEALTH AND FLYING Introduction to Pilots’ Health and Flying Safely This report explains issues regarding pilots’ health, their effects on flying safely, and measures to avoid catastrophes and jeopardising the life of the pilot, their crew and the passengers. Flying and health go together and a pilot needs to be fully fit to fly. Hence, before undertaking any form training to become a commercial pilot, one has to†¦show more content†¦The Effects of Alcohol on a Pilot People drink to unwind and relax, and alcohol alters the mood by reducing inhibitions. All drinkers have experienced alcohol’s short-term health effects, a hangover or poor sleep, but alcohol has long-term effects, often discovered when it’s too late. A pilot who has had a drink shouldn’t fly under the influence of alcohol; everyone knows that alcohol and flying shouldn’t mix. A small quantity of alcohol in the blood can impair performance drastically, while relieving anxiety, so that person thinks he/she is performing brilliantly. Alcohol produces adverse effects relating to the brain, eyes, and inner ear, which are all mission-critical organs for pilots. Effects to the brain include impaired reaction time, judgement, reasoning, and memory; vital senses for a pilot to perform safely and to the best of his ability. Alcohol reduces the brain’s ability to make use of oxygen, magnifying these effects with simultaneous exposure to altitude, which has a decreased partial pressure of oxygen. Visual symptoms include eye muscle imbalance, which leads to difficulty focusing and double vision; dangerous for pilots carrying hundreds of passengers, or alone in a light aircraft. Alcohol affects the inner ear, sometimes resulting in dizziness and increased hearing perception - dangerous for a pilot in a plane. Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) 91.17 states that no

Discovering Art free essay sample

Art did not start out as a hobby for me. Around middle school, my main source of motivation was competitiveness. Accepting tasks because I wanted to be on top was the edge that was necessary for me to fulfill them. Middle school was also when I started creating art seriously. During lunch one day I saw a friend sketching her way around a sheet of notebook paper. To my curiosity, I peeked over and found a generic chibi (a character of short stature meant to be charming and cute) with long dark hair parted to the right. I, personally, didnt think much of it. However, the rest of my peers thought otherwise. â€Å"Wow! Can you draw me?† seemed to be the popular reaction. I thought of my younger days when I would doodle for the fun of it. Right then was when I thought to myself, â€Å"I can do better than that. We will write a custom essay sample on Discovering Art or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † Of course, I saw this as an opportunity to impress my friends and tried to ignore the fact that narcissism was embedded somewhere as well. It was extremely difficult at first, trying to form something out of nothing. I decided to learn the tricks of the trade. A lot advice on art will say, â€Å"Practice makes perfect,† so I figured that this was the case. Before I began to study figures and forms, which seemed increasingly overwhelming at the time, I wanted to take baby steps. My first assignment from myself was a portrait of a celebrity. My tools: index card and mechanical pencil. I was satisfied with the final product. I showed my friends the next day albeit I told them that a friend drew it instead of me. The easy reason for this was to get proper and unbiased critique but another reason was to protect myself if they werent fond of the portrait. Two of the responses went along the lines of, â€Å"The face looks really weird and it seems really off.† They shot me do wn, but I was determined. Studying proportions and figures, forming an art style, scouring the internet for advice, tips and techniques, getting frustrated over and over again if my hand wouldnt cooperate, all of this over a few months. When I realized that my drawing has improved somewhat, I wanted to try my hand at another portrait and hopefully showcase it to my tablemates. Later in the week someone said: â€Å"Woah you drew this?† This one phrase made me unbelievably happy. Their expression meant the world to me. I started to have more courage and a better motivation to continue drawing. I wanted to improve more so that I could see that face again. It was at this time I underwent a transformation where I drew less out of egotism and more for the enjoyment of others. I came into having a humble approach and confrontation with art in general. I got really creative on birthday presents. I guess you could say this was when I would present my creations. I maintained a list of websites where I can place my design on an item and they will ship me a physical version of it. In further attempts to reach out to more creative outlets, I bought a digital tablet and downloaded all kinds of programs to use it with. It gave me pleasure giving my friends and family unique gifts with all the thought that I could lodge into it. Discovering the passion that I have for art has definitely made my life more enjoyable. I am more than aware that there is always room for improvement. Motivation in art is tricky. One must like ones art enough to have motivation to continue creating but not like it too much in order to keep improving.

The Korean War Essays (1389 words) - Battles Of The Korean War

The Korean War The Korean War (1950-1953) The Korean War was the first war in which the United Nations played a major role in. It was also part of the cold war between the US and Soviet Union. One of the deadliest war in history, it took many lives in such a short span of time of three years. Even after all these deaths, the conflict isn't completely resolved in Korea. There are still American troops stationed in South Korea, in case the Communists decide to take aggressive action. In WW II, Japan had gained control in Korea. At the end, when Japan was defeated by the Allies, the US and Soviet forces moved in Korea . Korea was divided to serve as the purpose to move the Japanese troops out. The line which was at the 38th parallel divided the country in about half. The Soviet forces were responsible for the north and the US for the south part of Korea. Later, this partition was made permanent. In 1947, the UN declared for elections to be held in all of Korea to decide one government for the country. However, North Korea refused to take part in the elections and didn't allow it. So on May 10, 1948, South Korea voted for a national assembly which set up the Republic of Korea. On September 9, North Korea set up the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. North and South Korea claimed the whole country and their troops fought several times between 1948-1950. The US removed it's troops from South Korea in 1949. It also said that Korea was outside of US defense line. North Korea saw it's chance for military action to take over South Korea. In June 1950, North Korea surprised South Korea with an attack. At the time, the North Korean Army had 135,000 soldiers, most of them veterans of WW II. It also had airplanes, tanks, and artillery that outnumbered South Korea by three to one. On the other hand, South Korea had 65,000 combat troops who had small arms and light artillery. On the day the war began, the UN Security Council issued a resolution demanding the Communist retreat back to the 38th parallel. The Soviet Union was a permanent member of the Security Council. However, it didn't go to the meeting because it had been boycotting the Council meetings. This was because the Council was denying the Communist Chinese government. If the Soviet Union had been there, it could have voted against the resolution or deliver a veto. North Korea chose to disregard the resolution. On June 27, North Korean troops reached South Korea's capital, Seoul. Seoul fell in four days. In the US, President Truman and the UN took action to stop North Korea from advancing. President Truman, going by his containment policy, sent US air and naval forces to help South Korea. The UN also asked its members to help South Korea. On June 30, Truman ordered the first ground troops to go to South Korea. General Douglas Macarthur was the commander of the ground forces. Congress supported Truman but didn't officially declare war on North Korea. Other troops from UN nations began soon after the US. Part of the US army on July 1, came from Japan to southernmost Korea at Pusan. Soon, these troops very moving close to south of Seoul. The first fight that took place between the US and North Korea was at Osan, south of Seoul. North Korea had already surpassed Seoul. On July 7, Truman named General MacArthur the commander of UN Commands. He had control over all of the forces in South Korea. By August 2, the North Korean army had advanced to the Pusan Perimeter. The Pusan Perimeter was on the southeast corner of South Korea. This was one of the many turning points in the war because the North Koreans lost nearly 58,000 people. The UN ground forces were led by General Walker who attacked the North Koreans with reserves. US planes helped out by destroying the enemy from above. On August 6, the North Koreans succeeded in crossing the river that stopped them from reaching Pusan. However, the UN forces counterattacked and pushed them back on August 25. North Korea tried to attack the Pusan Perimeter again on September 3, but the UN forces stopped them on September 8. Another turning point came on September 15, 1950 at the Inchon Landing. This was personally handled by General MacArthur. He had to take special precautions because of the tides at Inchon which could have trapped the boats with soldiers in it. These troops stopped

friday the 13th pt2 essays

friday the 13th pt2 essays Shane Gladstone Film Criticism Is Friday the 13th Part 2 typical of the slasher movie formula as laid out by Vera Dika? After having read Vera Dikas text Games of Terror (Dika, 1990) and watched the film in question Friday the 13th Part 2 (Steve Miner, US 1980) it was clear to me from the outset that there are parallels to be drawn between the two. Throughout this essay it is my intention to re-evaluate Dikas theories in relation to the chosen text and come to my own natural conclusions as to whether it qualifies as a strong example of the stalker genre or not. I will do this initially by re-reading the text and picking out the sections of it that relate the strongest to scenes in the film, once these have been chosen I will then concentrate on these scenes and texts in particular as examples of my methodology. I have done this by focusing on the typical stalker cliches presented to the viewer in the opening scene and the general use of space and setting throughout the narrative. The discussion of the typical stalker scene, setting, characterisation and plot structure. Friday the 13th Part 2 (Steve Miner, US 1981) opens with a lurking point of view shot of the killer (Jason Voorhees) watching the child of Alice (Adrienne King, heroine of the original movie Friday the 13th (Sean S Cunningham, US 1980) walk home alone in the rain while singing to himself a childrens song. This song (singin in the rain) signifies happiness and innocence, as a counter reaction to the song the soundtrack music playing in the background is dark, atmospheric and chilling. The setting in which they are located is suburban and typically American however the dark and the rain of the weather give the scene an almost gothic feel and the viewer feels that the child is exposed and open to attack. Moving inside the house the next shot depicts Alice laid on her bed in the middle of a nightmar...

Do Insects Hibernate in the Winter

Do Insects Hibernate in the Winter An insect doesn’t have the benefit of body fat, like bears and groundhogs, to survive freezing temperatures and keep internal fluids from turning to ice. Like all ectotherms, insects need a way to cope with fluctuating temperatures in their environment. But do insects hibernate? In a very general sense, hibernation refers to the state in which animals pass the winter.1 Hibernation suggests the animal is in a dormant state, with its metabolism slowed and reproduction paused. Insects dont necessarily hibernate the way warm-blooded animals do. But because the availability of host plants and food sources are limited during the winter in cold regions, insects do suspend their usual activities and enter a dormant state. So how do insects survive the cold winter months? Different insects use different strategies to avoid freezing to death when the temperature falls. Some insects employ a combination of strategies to survive the winter. Migration When it gets cold, leave! Some insects head to warmer climes, or at least better conditions, when winter weather approaches. The most famous migrating insect is the monarch butterfly. Monarchs in the eastern U.S. and Canada fly up to 2,000 miles to spend their winter in Mexico. Many other butterflies and moths also migrate seasonally, including the gulf fritillary, the painted lady, the black cutworm, and fall armyworm. Common green darners, dragonflies that inhabit ponds and lakes as far north as Canada, migrate as well. Communal Living When it gets cold, huddle up! There’s warmth in numbers for some insects. Honey bees cluster together as the temperatures drop, and use their collective body heat to keep themselves and the brood warm. Ants and termites head below the frost line, where their large numbers and stored food keep them comfortable until spring arrives. Several insects are known for their cool weather aggregations. Convergent lady beetles, for example, gather en masse on rocks or branches during spells of cold weather. Indoor Living When it gets cold, move inside! Much to the displeasure of homeowners, some insects seek shelter in the warmth of human dwellings when winter approaches. Each fall, peoples houses are invaded by box elder bugs, Asian multicolored lady beetles, brown marmorated stink bugs, and others. While these insects rarely cause damage indoors – theyre just looking for a cozy place to wait out the winter – they may release foul-smelling substances when threatened by a homeowner trying to evict them. Torpor When it gets cold, stay still! Certain insects, particularly ones that live in higher altitudes or near the Earth’s poles, use a state of torpor to survive drops in temperature. Torpor is a temporary state of suspension or sleep, during which the insect is completely immobile. The New Zealand weta, for example, is a flightless cricket that lives in high altitudes. When temperatures drop in the evening, the cricket freezes solid. As daylight warms the weta, it comes out of the torpid state and resumes activity. Diapause When it gets cold, rest! Unlike torpor, diapause is a long-term state of suspension. Diapause synchronizes the insect’s life cycle with seasonal changes in its environment, including winter conditions. Put simply, if it’s too cold to fly and there’s nothing to eat, you might as well take a break (or pause). Insect diapause may occur in any stage of development: Eggs – Praying mantids survive the winter as eggs, which emerge in spring.Larvae – Woolly bear caterpillars curl up in thick layers of leaf litter for winter. In spring, they spin their cocoons.Pupa – Black swallowtails spend winter as chrysalids, emerging as butterflies when warm weather returns.Adults – Mourning cloak butterflies hibernate as adults for the winter, tucking themselves behind loose bark or in tree cavities. Antifreeze When it gets cold, lower your freezing point! Many insects prepare for the cold by making their own antifreeze. During the fall, insects produce glycerol, which increases in the hemolymph. Glycerol gives the insect body â€Å"supercooling† ability, allowing body fluids to drop below freezing points without causing ice damage. Glycerol also lowers the freezing point, making insects more cold-tolerant, and protects tissues and cells from damage during icy conditions in the environment. In spring, glycerol levels drop again. References 1 Definition from Hibernation, by Richard E. Lee, Jr., Miami University of Ohio. Encyclopedia of Insects, 2nd edition, edited by Vincent H. Resh and Ring T. Carde.

Female Gangs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Female Gangs - Essay Example In the technical sense, most of these females have not been considered as gang members, but as a relative or as girlfriends (SDCOE, n.d). In effect, they have often been viewed in a subservient role – people who would hold weapons or drugs or as sex toys. Today, most of these roles are still seen among female gang members, however, many female members have now taken on male roles as a means of integrating their lives into gangs (SDCOE, n.d). Many of them emulate male members in terms of clothing, criminal activities, tattoos, graffiti vandalism, weapons use, as well as the application of violence. Their reasons for joining gangs are as varied as their male counterparts and their activities in these gangs are also related to a variety of reasons. This paper shall now consider female gangs, their reasons for joining gangs, their usual activities in these gangs, the crimes they commit, their initiation process and related qualities. This paper is being carried out in order to est ablish a clear and comprehensive understanding of the female gangs and their involvement in these gang-related activities. Female gang members, as was mentioned above, have traditionally been considered by law enforcement authorities as nothing more than â€Å"accessories† to male gang members (Curry and Decker, 1998). As a result of these perceptions, law enforcers have been reluctant to qualify female activities in the gang as gang-related activities. The fact that there is a biased perception on these activities not being naturally feminine also affects the perception of these female activities. In the recent context however, attention has been brought forth to the commission of violent crimes by young women (Archer and Grascia, 2005). Females have not been considered capable of carrying out so-called male crimes because of gender

OLAP Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

OLAP - Research Paper Example e new business intelligence systems and tools (such as OLAP) facilitate the organizations to be competitive by changing information to intelligence for formulating improved business decisions and reacting to insight speedily in the course of their distinctive enterprise intelligence services. In addition, the new technology based data warehousing and business intelligence tools and services ensure accessibility of business data and information. Moreover, it formulates a clear way to gain competitive benefit and allows clients to considerably improve their services as well as bottom-line success (Boylan). The rapidly changing business environment has made business intelligence (BI) vital to a business’s success. In fact, business intelligence systems are used to turn businesss raw data into effective and efficient information that is helpful to the management in recognizing significant business trends, examining customer performance, and formulating intelligent business decisions rapidly. Additionally, over the earlier few years, business intelligence systems have been utilized to recognize and deal with back office requirements like that competence and efficiency. At the present, businesses are more and more making use of BI to examine client behavior, recognize marketplace trends, and search for novel prospects (Sun Microsystems, Inc.; Laudon and Laudon). Business intelligence heavily depends on data collected from different sources of a business organization. In the absence of an effective business intelligence tool such as online analytical processing, businesses could not be able to pull out the data required for information analysis in time to ease practical decision-making. The capability to get information in real-time has turned out to be more and more vital in current years for the reason that decision-making cycle times have been radically minimized. Furthermore, ever-increasing competitive stress requires companies to formulate intelligent decisions